Keywords: retronymy, retronymic net, retronymic cycle, diachronic big data analysis. Globally, this paper hopes to contribute to define a new research subject, both for Spanish and general linguistics. This allow us to trace and visualize some characteristic retronymic profiles, thus permitting to test our theoretical proposals. Moreover, in our paper we present a first computational approach to the description of retronymy in Spanish, by diachronically exploring big data. The analysis and the understanding of the linguistic principles that govern the retronyms’ formation constitutes, in our view, an interesting observatory on linguistic change and highlights the social and cultural implications of language and lexical evolution, which call for further dedicated investigations. Retronymic creation, which we conceive as a complex net of semantic and formal relations and as a special case of lexical cycle, can be set within the general frame of lexical change in specialized contexts, and more precisely, in the so called induced neonimy. the old guitar starts to be named acoustic guitar to contrast it with the more recent electric guitar. In a first approximation, we define retronymy as a relexicalization of an existing referent as a consequence of the appearance of a conceptual and formal neologism with which it maintains a semantic relation: i.e. Abstract The aim of this paper is to shed light on an almost unexplored lexicogenetic mechanism, namely retronymy, with the intention to contribute to its definition and analysis in a theoretical and applied linguistic framework, while focusing, at the same time, on the investigation of Spanish, for which no study specifically dedicated to this phenomenon is available. Palabras clave: retronimia, neonimia inducida, red retronímica, ciclo retronímico, análisis computacional diacrónico de datos masivos. En su conjunto, el artículo se propone contribuir a definir un nuevo objeto y campo de investigación, en lingüística española y general. En nuestra contribución presentamos, además, un primer acercamiento computacional a la descripción de la retronimia en español a través de una exploración diacrónica de datos masivos, que nos ha permitido rastrear y visualizar algunos perfiles retronímicos característicos, así como contrastar, al mismo tiempo, la validez de nuestras hipótesis teóricas. El análisis y la comprensión de los principios lingüísticos que regulan la formación de retrónimos constituye, a nuestro juicio, un interesante observatorio sobre el cambio lingüístico y subraya las implicaciones sociales y culturales de la evolución de la lengua y del léxico, que merecen estudios específicos. La creación retronímica, que concebimos como una compleja red de relaciones semánticas y formales y como un caso especial de ciclo léxico, puede encuadrarse dentro de los estudios sobre el cambio léxico en ámbito especializado, en concreto dentro del campo de la neonimia inducida. Así, por ejemplo, la antigua guitarra empieza a designarse guitarra acústica como consecuencia de la aparición de la más reciente guitarra eléctrica. En una primera aproximación, podemos definir la retronimia como la relexicalización de un referente ya existente que se produce a raíz de la aparición de un neologismo conceptual y formal con el que guarda relación semántica. La investigación se centra en la lengua española, respecto a la cual no existen estudios específicamente dedicados a este tema. Resumen El presente artículo se propone arrojar luz sobre un mecanismo lexicogenético casi totalmente inexplorado, la retronimia, contribuyendo a su definición y su estudio en un marco lingüístico teórico y aplicado. We postulate that more detailed enquiries in this area in the future could lead to establishing History of Population Thought as a new sub-discipline within population sciences. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify a promising area of enquiry into the development of demography as a social science discipline. RESULTS The tentative findings corroborate the shifts in the demographic paradigms identified in the literature – from cross-sectional, through longitudinal, to event-history and multilevel approaches. METHODS The presented analysis is descriptive and is based on a series of simple measures obtained from the free online tool Google Books Ngram Viewer, which includes frequencies of word groupings (n-grams) in different collections of books digitised by Google. OBJECTIVE The paper aims to include measurable data in the study of changes in selected demographic paradigms and perspectives. We posit that the same principle of empiricism should be applied to studies of the population sciences as a discipline, contributing to greater self-awareness amongst its practitioners. BACKGROUND Demography is a uniquely empirical research area amongst the social sciences.
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